The Situation at Columbia XXXI

Posted on August 1, 2025 by woit

Columbia’s new policies intended to stop and punish any on-campus criticism of the Gaza genocide by characterizing it as “antisemitism” have made it impossible for Rashid Khalidi to teach his planned fall course. See his explanation here, which ends with:

Columbia’s capitulation has turned a university that was once a site of free inquiry and learning into a shadow of its former self, an-anti university, a gated security zone with electronic entry controls, a place of fear and loathing, where faculty and students are told from on high what they can teach and say, under penalty of severe sanctions. Disgracefully, all of this is being done to cover up one of the greatest crimes of this century, the ongoing genocide in Gaza, a crime in which Columbia’s leadership is now fully complicit.

Posted in The Situation at Columbia | 6 Comments

Various and Sundry

Posted on July 31, 2025 by woit

Some random things that may be of interest:

  • Ethan Siegel has a discussion of “vibe physics“, people convincing themselves that they can solve fundamental scientific problems by chatting with an LLM. For a story about one billionaire doing this, see here.

    LLMs should be much better than the usual crackpots at generating worthless papers about theoretical physics, likely should be able to generate papers not easy to distinguish from a lot of what is on the arXiv. I’m wondering how much of this has already happened.

    In math, Daniel Litt has noticed a bunch of recent LLM-generated worthless papers on the Hodge conjecture. As examples, he points to these, four papers posted during the past month. Unfortunately the arXiv does not seem to now have an effective way to protect itself against these things getting posted, or to get them removed once identified (Daniel identified them publicly two weeks ago, no indication anything will be done about this).

  • Also on the arXiv is an article by George Lusztig which goes over some history, with this summary

    By publishing this document I aim to rectify the historical narrative for the benefit of the mathematical community and of the general public and to ensure that proper attribution and academic integrity is upheld by all.
    I trust that all readers -including Kashiwara- will recognize these established facts:

    (a) The canonical basis was first defined in my work [L90] and Kashiwara’s subsequent contribution built directly on this foundation.
    (b) The crystal basis is not solely Kashiwara’s discovery.

    And everyone who knows the history would suggest Kashiwara to publicly acknowledge (a) and (b), to correct all false and misleading information once and for all.

  • Another one has been added to the list of Leinweber Institutes for Theoretical Physics, discussed here. It’s the new Leinweber Institute for Theoretical Physics at Stanford, previously called the Stanford Institute for Theoretical Physics.
  • UCSB has announced that they’ve digitized Joe Polchinski’s papers. The link they give doesn’t appear to work and I don’t know of any other way to access this archive. The link now works.
  • The Chinese each year are now organizing a conference that covers mathematics and theoretical physics on a truly massive scale, called the International Congress of Basic Science. You can keep busy by watching 390 talks on Youtube.
  • At Strings 2025 earlier this year there was not yet a plan for a Strings 2026. The Chinese have also taken this on, Strings 2026 will be in Shanghai.
  • For a podcast worth watching, see Curt Jaimungal’s interview with Nikita Nekrasov.
  • For another one, there’s Sean Carroll talking to David Tong. I especially recommend the part around 52 minutes in, where Tong advertises a crucial hole in our understanding of the Standard Model: the non-perturbative formulation of the chiral gauge theory of the electroweak sector, in particular the lack of a viable lattice formulation.
  • Last month there was the Open Symposium on the European Strategy for Particle Physics in Venice. Crucial numbers are in this report: 8-9 billion to build a linear collider, a big new ring (FCC) would be 15 billion for an initial lepton machine, another 19 for a higher energy proton machine (these are rough numbers, think of as dollars, euros or swiss francs). The FCC project has been the leading proposal, but the crucial question is whether such a thing is financially viable.

Update: Daniel Litt has also written about this on his blog. There’s a comment there from “knzhou” saying
“This is also happening in hep-ph, which now has an average of 1-2 nonsensical papers per day.”


Update: Terry Tao’s NSF grant at UCLA has been suspended (along with 279 others), because UCLA is “antisemitic” since there were anti-genocide protests there last year. Unclear to me in this case which pro-genocide forces are collaborating with the dictator to shutdown Terry Tao, and why they are doing it.

Posted in Uncategorized | 21 Comments

The Situation at Columbia XXX

Posted on July 26, 2025 by woit

The trustees on Friday changed the Charters and Statutes of the university, something it seems they can just do when they feel like it, without consulting with anyone or telling the community what they’ve done. Stand Columbia (Tao Tan) is pleased they’ve done this, so has checked the new version against the old, you can see his analysis here.

This has all been done as part of the capitulation to Trump and those forces inside and outside the university that want to make sure that any anti-Israeli protests are punished as severely as possible. The changes to the statutes remove control of the discipline process from the Senate and put it completely under the control of the trustees. The Senate no longer has any say in the Rules of University Conduct, these will be set by the trustees (with the help of the provost’s office). The disciplinary process will be managed purely by the provost’s office, which vets anyone involved to be sure that they will follow trustee policy. If you’re wondering how Columbia could now be expelling students for participating in a library reading room non-violent protest against genocide (a sort of harsh penalty for non-violent protest unheard of in the institution’s history) this is how it’s being done.

Of course the reason that they’re doing it is that Stephen Miller has demanded it. If they don’t expel students who protest the Gaza genocide, Columbia’s federal funding will again be removed. No matter how awful the Gaza situation gets, if you try and protest it on the Columbia campus this fall, you will face expulsion. I doubt we’ll see many cases of this actually happening, the threat alone will do an excellent job of keeping everyone quiet.

Bari Weiss has spent 25 years fighting for punishment of anti-Israeli sentiment at Columbia. Her Free Press yesterday explains how this will now work:

A senior Trump administration official familiar with the negotiations said that “this is just step one.” The official added: “In late August, the kids and faculty come back to campus, and many of them believe they—and not the board or administration—are in charge of Columbia. . . . The substantive challenge is resetting the balance of power and reasserting the leadership of the school and letting the students and faculty know that for the first time in many decades, there will be order on campus and consequences for breaking the rules.”

If that doesn’t happen, “the administration is not going to let Columbia embarrass us,” the senior Trump administration official added. “We’ll be watching you.”

Among the many messages from Shipman and others announcing the new cave-in, I didn’t see any discussion of these changes. There were a lot of claims that Columbia was not giving up its independence, and it remains true that it is not Stephen Miller who is deciding to expel students. Instead he’ll be calling up the trustees and telling them they have to do it, since he “is not going to let Columbia embarrass us.” Actually, since everyone involved knows he can do this if displeased, he won’t have to do anything: they’ll be sure not to make any decisions Stephen Miller would not approve of.

The FAQ here asks everyone to

Please use this form to report violations stemming from demonstrations and protests under the Rules of University Conduct.

There, if you see anyone protesting the genocide in Gaza, you can file an “Alleged Protest/Demonstration Violation”.

Update: People are wondering who gets the \$21 million for being a victim of “antisemitism”. James Schamus has questions about this:

it’s quite possible that those of my fellow Jews who “may experience antisemitism” the most when encountering campus protests against Israel’s genocidal mania may end up getting the biggest bucks. Like maybe there will be different categories, ranging from the small-change hand-wringing “I’m-uncomfortable-with-what-Israel-is-doing-but-Hamas-tunnels-something-something-your-keffiyeh-makes-me-nervous” category; through the Bret Stephens/New York Times mid-tier “Genocide? What genocide?” bunch; and ending with the Megabucks Jackpot we’re-in-the-money Shai Davidai “We are not ok!” crowd. Maybe there can be a special bonus for the Columbia OU-JLIC director who WhatsApp’d hundreds of Jewish students last year urging them to flee campus for their lives.

As you can see, under this possible scenario, the more you go all-out weaponizing antisemitism in the context of Israel’s mass murder spree, the more Columbia \$$$ you earn. Nice work if you can get it!

In any case, I’m standing by for further instructions, with just one last favor to ask: please don’t hire some outside consulting group, such as, say, the Boston Consulting Group, Orbis Operations, or Safe Reach Solutions, to administer distribution of the fund. We wouldn’t want the giveaway to turn into some sort of Hunger Games now, would we?

Israeli human rights organizations are now agreeing that the students were right, the Gaza war is genocide. Latest news today is that Netanyahu is promising to annex Gaza in order to appease the part of his government which wants to starve the Palestinians to death. If you are at Columbia and all this seems to be worth protesting, better you stay quiet or you might face expulsion. On the other hand, if what upsets you is anti-genocide protest, maybe Columbia is going to write you a large check (if you’re the right ethnicity).

Posted in The Situation at Columbia | 10 Comments

The Situation at Columbia XXIX

Posted on July 24, 2025 by woit

The long-awaited second cave-in by the Columbia trustees to Trump demands was announced yesterday, details here. A few initial comments:

  • Columbia law professor David Pozen explains that this is part of a new form of autocratic government in the US:

    the agreement grows out of the executive branch’s first-ever cutoff of congressionally appropriated funds to a university, so as to punish that university and impel it to adopt sweeping reforms, without any pretense of following the congressionally mandated procedures. Lawyers have been debating the exact circumstances under which the executive branch may freeze particular grants and contracts to particular schools. Yet as far as I’m aware, no lawyer outside the government has even attempted to defend the legality of the initial cutoff that brought Columbia to its knees and, thereafter, to the “negotiating” table.

    We’re now governed not by laws and courts, but by a dictator, who can at any moment take illegal actions to try and compel you to do what he wants. Laws and courts are replaced by extorted “agreements” like this one, where the dictator agrees to leave you alone (for now) in return for your agreement to a specific list of demands.

  • The deal the trustees have negotiated in order to (for now) get money back and stop further illegal actions is not as bad as expected. It’s mostly a mix of the already agreed to set of policies designed to ruthlessly stop any criticism of the Israeli genocide in Gaza, as well as shutting down past DEI and admission favoritism policies that already were either banned by court decisions or likely to be banned by legitimately legal changes in federal government policies. This is much less than the demands the dictator’s people had been making. The Chronicle story about this has:

    “Columbia couldn’t tolerate the administration holding up billions of dollars in current and future grants, so they paid what is essentially ransom,” said Michael C. Dorf, a professor of law at Cornell University. “The ransom that they ended up paying strikes me as a pretty good value if you decide you’re going to pay ransom. But the problem with paying ransom is that it incentivizes the taking of more hostages.”

  • The only reason they were able to get these relatively favorable terms was that Harvard decided to go to court and fight the illegality. Harvard has won a series of injunctions stopping illegal actions regarding foreign students, and appears likely to very soon win a summary judgment that the withholding of grant funds was illegal. In late March, Columbia’s initial cave-in (in return for nothing) made it look as if there was no way to stop the exercise of dictatorial powers. While the Columbia trustees adopted a policy of publicly supporting the new dictatorship (telling us that it was all legal, and all necessary to deal with the fact that our community had a terrible “antisemitism” problem), throughout the country luckily other groups and institutions did go to court and fought back. They’ve had mixed success, but have slowed down the onslaught and caused Trump to back off at least for now in some areas.

    In early April the trustees were about to sign off on a second cave-in much more onerous than the one announced yesterday, but stopped this when they saw that Harvard was going to fight. They can argue that the set of facts Harvard was facing was different, but there’s no denying that their choice not to fight but to capitulate to extortion by the new dictatorship did damage to US democracy, while Harvard’s decision to fight reversed some of that damage (at least for now).

    What Harvard has done has helped Columbia and other institutions a great deal by blunting the dictator’s onslaught. What Columbia has done has hurt all other universities, as the success here of illegal dictatorial action will encourage its use against others. This wider campaign surely is just about to get started, maybe could have been stopped by a Columbia refusal to give in.

  • The really big winners here? Those so devoted to supporting the Israeli government slaughter of civilians and ethnic cleansing of Gaza and the West Bank that they were willing to collaborate with and help a Fascist dictatorship destroy US democracy and seriously damage the university in order to get what they wanted: expulsion of student demonstrators and a campus lockdown that would put a stop to the demonstrations, together with university support for a campaign to characterize opposition to genocide and ethnic cleansing as “antisemitism”.
  • A crucial part of what the trustees agreed to is in section 8c:

    Nothing in this Agreement prevents the United States (even during the period of the Agreement) from conducting subsequent compliance reviews, investigations, defunding or litigation related to Columbia’s actions occurring after the Effective Date of the this Agreement.

    So, the trustees explicitly agree that if Columbia does anything Trump doesn’t like, he can defund the university again. Instead of going to court to fight illegality, the agreement explicitly acknowledges that the illegality is a tactic that can be used against Columbia at any time it offends the dictator. What this means in practice is every university decision from now on will be made through the lens of “will this upset Steven Miller?”

  • Sone things to watch for:

    Will the university gates be reopened, or will we live in security lockdown forever?

    Our next president will have to meet with Steven Miller’s approval, and be willing to run the university in a way that will not annoy Steven Miller. Who is that going to be?

    As the genocide in Gaza proceeds, will anyone at Columbia be protesting this on campus?

    The trustees have agreed to a discipline process designed to achieve the expulsion of anti-genocide demonstrators. This requires the participation of the provost, some administrators, deans and faculty. Will we be told who has agreed to do this dirty work?

There’s a lot of good commentary about this coming out. The NYT published this piece by Suresh Naidu. Some people at CUIMC have created a wonderful satirical version of Columbia Spectator, call The Specter. They’re covering the cave-in with Columbia Buys Back Its Federal Grants and Sells Off Its Spine.

Update: Stand Columbia (Tao Tan) is ecstatic. Illegal dictatorial action has gotten him changes at Columbia he has always wanted. The only problem he sees is that maybe they won’t be as much as he wants. He is creating a Stand Columbia Society Scorecard so that, in the case of insufficient devotion to the new order, Steven Miller will get a heads up that he needs to pull funding again.

Lawrence Summers is also very happy that extortion by the dictatorship is getting him what he wants. “the best day higher education has had in the last year.”!!

Update: In case anyone was thinking that the “agreement” meant reopening of the campus and a less repressive security environment, there’s this from the Free Press:

A senior Trump administration official familiar with the negotiations said that “this is just step one.” The official added: “In late August, the kids and faculty come back to campus, and many of them believe they—and not the board or administration—are in charge of Columbia. . . . The substantive challenge is resetting the balance of power and reasserting the leadership of the school and letting the students and faculty know that for the first time in many decades, there will be order on campus and consequences for breaking the rules.”

If that doesn’t happen, “the administration is not going to let Columbia embarrass us,” the senior Trump administration official added. “We’ll be watching you.”

So, if you’re a Columbia student or faculty member, and all those photos of dead, emaciated children in Gaza are getting you upset about the genocide there, don’t even think of saying or thinking anything about this on the Columbia campus. A senior Trump administration official says “we’ll be watching you”, and discipline via the Provost’s office will be ready to deal with you.

What the trustees have done is make themselves and the Provost’s office the enforcers for those defending the Israeli genocide. They will have to play this role, or get a letter from the “senior Trump administration official” telling them they have embarrassed him and funding is cutoff again.

Posted in The Situation at Columbia | 10 Comments

The Situation at Columbia XXVIII

Posted on July 22, 2025 by woit

When I first started writing here about what was going on at Columbia, part of the motivation was that I didn’t understand myself a lot of what was happening, especially the actions of the trustees. Things are different now, I think I understand pretty well what is going on and why the trustees are doing what they are doing. A new cave-in is in the works and at some point I’ll write about the complicated story of that, perhaps waiting until it’s a done deal, which might be soon.

At the moment though it seems to me important to just focus on a basic point of morality: an appalling genocide is going on in Gaza, and Columbia University’s response to this genocide is an all-out campaign to stop people from protesting it. This is completely disgraceful.

It’s difficult to get reliable information about what is happening in Gaza, partly because the Israelis have killed most journalists there (and are starving to death the few remaining). All indications are that the Israeli government is pursuing a policy of destroying all homes and infrastructure there, to make sure the inhabitants driven out have nothing to return to. Civilians are being killed and starved with the goal of forcing them somehow to leave. Among the most reliable sources of information are the New York Times and the Wall Street Journal, which have detailed stories (see here and here) explaining how starving people seeking food are being killed.

The New York Times has recently published a long article by an Israeli scholar considered a leading authority on genocide entitled I’m a Genocide Scholar. I Know It When I See It. that strongly makes the case that what is going on is genocide.

What has been Columbia University’s response to the moral challenge of this ongoing US-supported genocide?

  • A new set of policies promulgated last week, including adopting a definition of “antisemitism” that can be used to tar criticism of Israeli genocidal policies as “antisemitic”. For some commentary on this from a Columbia faculty member, see here.
  • For the past year the university has been locked-down, with an intensive security apparatus whose main goal appears to be to make sure that no anti-genocide protests take place on the campus.
  • As part of the first cave-in back in March, the trustees removed control of the student disciplinary process from the University Senate, with the trustees taking control themselves of the process through the provost’s office. The intent was to make sure that any student guilty of violating university regulations during an anti-genocide protest would be severely punished. One goal is to make sure that students engaged in such protest are removed from the university and can’t do it again. Another is to make sure that anyone else thinking about what they can do to oppose genocide will be properly intimidated. Last week the trustees issued a statement emphasizing that they, not the Senate, are now in control of student discipline.
  • The last two actions have been almost completely successful at stopping any anti-genocide protest on campus. The main exception was the short-lived occupation of a library reading room (see here) back in May. Today the university announced that a large number of students were being suspended or expelled under this new policy. News stories like this one say that 70 students were involved, with two-thirds of them expelled or suspended for at least two years. The news stories make clear that the motivation for these unusually harsh punishments is the desire of the trustees to appease our Fascist dictator and recover grant funding.

The question of what to do about students who engage in disruptive protests is a complicated one. For a history of how Columbia has dealt with such cases in the past, see here. What the trustees and some administrators have done today appears to be completely unprecedented, and part of a deeply immoral set of policy decisions about how to respond to the problems caused by the genocide in Gaza.

Update: For more of the story of how the disciplinary process at Columbia was taken over by the trustees, in contradiction to university statutes, see here. I can’t find on university websites a list of current members of the new University Judicial Boards. Much of the information on university websites still refers to the old Senate-controlled board (see for instance the link describing the UJB at this page). There is an updated FAQ posted yesterday.

The only description I can find of the new UJB panels is that they are made up of “professors and administrators”. Until now, the cave-in has been mostly in the hands of the trustees. With these new actions the moral rot has spread from the trustees to the office of the provost and to (unknown?) groups of faculty and administrators who have signed on to participate in this. There now is some sort of appeals process which is in the hands of “three deans”. Will we find out who they are and will they go along with this?

Haaretz today has this story with the details of how the murder of civilians through starvation is being accomplished.

Update: As expected, Columbia has reached some sort of agreement with the Trump people. I’ll try and write something about this tomorrow. In the meantime, there’s a story at the NYT, and also a very good NYT opinion piece by Suresh Naidu.

For comments discussing the agreement, better if you can wait for the next blog post which will be about that topic.

Posted in The Situation at Columbia | 19 Comments

Mathematicians interact with AI, July 2025 update

Posted on July 4, 2025 by Aravind Asok

This is a guest post from Aravind Asok1. If you have comments about this, you can contact him at asok@usc.edu. We’ll see if there’s some way to later post moderated comments here.

Recently, several symposia have been organized in which groups of mathematicians interacted with developers of various AI systems (specifically, reasoning models) in a structured way. We have in mind the Frontier Math Symposium hosted by Epoch AI and the Deepmind/IAS workshop. The first of these events received more coverage in the press than the second. It spawned several articles including pieces in Scientific American and the Financial Times, though both articles are currently behind a paywall.2 Curiously absent from these discussions is any kind of considered opinion of mathematicians regarding these interactions, though hyperbolic quotes from these pieces have made the rounds on social media. Neither of these events was open to the public: participation in both events was limited and by invitation. In both cases the goal was to foster transparent and unguarded interactions.

For context, note that many mathematicians have spent time interacting with reasoning models (Open AI’s ChatGPT, Google’s Gemini, and Anthropic’s Claude among others). While mathematicians were certainly not exempt from the wave of early prompt-based experimentation with initial public models of ChatGPT, they have also explored the behavior of reasoning models on professional aspects of mathematics, testing the models on research mathematics, homework problems, example problems for various classes as well as mathematics competition problems. Anecdotally, reactions run the gamut from dismissal3 to surprise.4 However, a structured group interaction with reasoning models provides a qualitatively different experience than these personal explorations. Since invitation to these events was controlled, their audience was necessarily limited; the Epoch event self-selected for those who expressed specific interest in AI,5 though the IAS/Deepmind event tried to generate a more random cross section of mathematicians.
Much press coverage has a breathless feel, e.g., including coverage of comments by Sam Altman in, say, Fortune.6 It seems fair to say that mathematicians are impressed with the current performance of models, and, furthermore, see interesting avenues for augmenting mathematical research using AI tools. However, many mathematicians view the rhetoric that “math can be solved”, extrapolating from progress on competition-style mathematics viewed as a game, as problematic at best, and at worst presenting a fundamental misunderstanding of the goals of research mathematics as a whole.

Our discussion here will focus on the Epoch AI-sponsored meeting for concreteness, which was not “secret” in any dramatic or clandestine sense, contrary to some reports. The backstory: Epoch AI has been trying to create benchmarks for the performance of various released LLMs7 (a.k.a., chatbots like Open AI’s ChatGPT, Anthropic’s Claude, Google Deepmind’s Gemini, etc.).8 Frontier Math is a benchmark designed to evaluate the mathematical capabilities of reasoning models. This benchmark consists of tiered lists of problems. Tier 1 problems amount to “mathematical olympiad” level problems, while Tiers 2 and 3 are “more challenging” requiring “specialized knowledge at the graduate level.” Frontier Math sought to build a Tier 4 benchmark of “research
level” problems.

Building the Tier 4 benchmark necessitated involving research mathematicians. Earlier this year, Epoch reached out to mathematicians through varying channels. Initial requests promised some amount of money for delivering a problem of a particular type, but many mathematicians unfamiliar with the source of the communication either dismissed it as not credible or had no interest in the monetary compensation.9 To speed up the collection of Tier 4 problems, Epoch came up with the idea of hosting a symposium. The symposium was advertised on several social media outlets (e.g., Twitter) and various mathematicians were contacted directly by e-mail. Interested participants were sometimes asked to interview with Frontier Math lead mathematician Elliot Glazer and also to produce a prospective problem. Mathematics is a fairly small community so many of the people who attended already knew others who were attending; also the vast majority of attendees came from California. Participants did sign a non-disclosure agreement, but it was limited to information related to the problems that were to be delivered. Symposium participants also had their travel and lodging covered, and were paid a \$1500 stipend for their participation.

Participants were given a list of criteria for problem construction; problems must: 10

  1. Have a definite, verifiable answer (e.g., a large integer, a symbolic real, or a tuple of such objects) that can be checked computationally.
  2. Resist guesswork: Answers should be “guessproof,” meaning random attempts or trivial brute-force approaches have a negligible chance of success. You should be confident that a person or AI who has found the answer has legitimately reasoned through the underlying mathematics.
  3. Be computationally tractable: The solution of a computationally intensive problem must include scripts demonstrating how to find the answer, starting only from standard knowledge of the field. These scripts must cumulatively run less than a hour on standard hardware.

The participants were divided into groups based on field specificity (number theory, analysis, algebraic geometry, topology/geometry and combinatorics) and told to produce suitable problems.

How did participants contextualize this challenge? In mathematics research one frequently does not know in advance the solution to a given problem, nor whether the problem is computationally tractable. In fact, many mathematicians will agree that knowing a problem is soluble can be game-changing.11 Moreover, deciding which problems should be deemed worthy of study can be difficult. As a consequence, by and large, participants did not frame the challenge as one of producing research problems, but rather one of simply producing appropriate problems.

Unsurprisingly, ability to construct such problems varied from subject to subject. For example, one geometer said that it was quite difficult to construct “interesting” problems subject to the constraints. There are also real questions about the extent to which “ability to resist guesswork” truly measures “mathematical understanding”. Many participants were rather open about this: even if AI managed to solve the problems they created, they did not feel that would constitute “understanding” in any real sense.

While most participants had written and submitted problems before the symposium started, few people had an idea at that point of what would be “easy” or “hard” for a model. Most of the first day was spent seeing how models interacted with these preliminary problems, and the subsequent discussions refined participants’ understanding of the stipulation that problems were resistant to guesswork. Along the way, models did manage to “solve” some of the problems, but that statement deserves qualification and a more detailed understanding of what constitutes a “solution”.

One key feature of reasoning models was explicit display of “reasoning traces”, showing the models “thinking”. These traces displayed models searching the web and identifying related papers, but their ability to do so was sensitive to the formulation of the problem in fascinating ways. For example, in algebraic geometry, formulating a problem in terms of commutative ring theory instead of varieties could elicit different responses from a model. However, it is a cornerstone of human algebraic geometry to be able to pass back and forth between the two points of view with relative ease. In geometry/topology, participants noted that models demonstrated no aptitude for geometric reasoning. For example, models could not create simple pictorial models (knot diagrams were specifically mentioned) for problems and manipulate them.12 In algebraic and enumerative combinatorics, models applied standard methods well (e.g., solving linear recurrences, appealing to binomial identities), but if problems required several steps as well as ingenuity models were stymied, even if they were prompted with relevant literature or correct initial steps.

When a model did output a correct answer, examining the reasoning traces sometimes indicated that happened because the problem was constructed in such a way that the answer could be obtained by solving a much simpler but related problem. In terms of the exam solution paradigm, we would probably say such a response was “getting the right
answer for the wrong reason” and assign a failing grade to such a solution!

Participants were routinely told to aim to craft problems that even putative future reasoning models would find difficult. From that standpoint, it was easy to extrapolate that a future model might behave in a more human way, demonstrate “understanding” in a human sense, and isolate the missing key ingredient. This created a pervasive fear that if reasoning traces indicated models seemed “close now”, then one should extrapolate that the problems would be solvable by future models.13 Participants did observe that if literature in a particular domain was suitably saturated, the models could identify lemmas that would be appropriate and generate relevant mathematics. This was certainly impressive, but one wonders to what extent the natural language output affects perception of the coherence of responses: it is easy for things to “look about right” if one does not read too closely! Eventually, participants did converge on problems that were thought to meet the required bar.

The language models that we worked with were definitely good at keyword search, routinely generating useful lists of references. The models also excelled at natural language text generation and could generate non-trivial code, which made them useful in producing examples. However, press-reporting sometimes exaggerated this, suggesting that reasoning models are “faster” or “better” than professional mathematicians. Of course, such statements are very open to interpretation. On the one hand, this could be trivially true, e.g., calculators are routinely faster than professional mathematicians at adding numbers. Less trivially, it could mean automating complicated algebraic computations, but even this would be viewed by most mathematicians as far from the core essence of mathematical discovery.

The participants at the meeting form a rather thin cross-section of mathematicians who have some interest in the interface between AI (broadly construed) and mathematics. The symposium Signal chat became very active after the Scientific American article was posted. Undoubtedly participants felt there were exciting possible uses of AI for the development of mathematics. There are also real questions about whether or when future “reasoning models” will approach “human-level”competence,14 as well as serious and fascinating philosophical questions about what that even means; this is a direct challenge for the mathematics community. What does it mean to competently do research mathematics? What is valuable or important mathematics?

Finally, there are important practical questions about the impact, e.g., environmental or geopolitical, of computing at this level.15 All these questions deserve attention: barring some additional as-yet-unseen theoretical roadblock, reasoning models seem likely to continue improving, underscoring the importance of these questions. As things stand, however—particularly when it comes to mathematical reasoning—caution seems warranted in extrapolating future research proficiency of models.

  1. With the aid of generous input from Ben Antieau, Greta Panova, Kyler Siegel, Ravi Vakil, and Akshay Venkatesh.↩︎
  2. Some discussion of the IAS/Deepmind event is available on Michael Harris’ June 8 substack post.↩︎
  3. It seems many people have a collection of standard mathematical questions for which reasoning models produce only hallucinatory outputs. Some discussion of the disconnect between stated AI benchmark progress on mathematics as opposed to “real” research as of March 2025 can be found in the article The Disconnect Between AI Benchmarks and Math Research.↩︎
  4. The performance of language models on standard exam questions for undergraduate and graduate classes was a routine source of surprise. However, one expects reasoning models should perform better in areas where literature is dense. People are also routinely impressed by the fact that the models have improved so much over time.↩︎
  5. We would be remiss not mention that many mathematicians justifiably have concerns about legitimizing corporate technological endeavors. Such worries are especially important since the companies developing reasoning models plausibly view “mathematical progress”, say in terms of ability of models to solve mathematical problems of various types, as a way to distinguish amongst themselves. The vague statement “our model is good at math” can simultaneously be propaganda or simply false depending on context and audience.↩︎
  6. Altman states: “In some sense AIs are like a top competitive programmer in the world now or AIs can get a top score on the world’s hardest math competitions or AIs can do problems that I’d expect an expert PhD in my field to do”. When Altman makes such a statement, given his role, it’s easy to question his intentions. However, one cannot help but interpret his comments differently if there are also mathematicians making statements that can be construed as “AI systems are good at math”. Even vague statements to this effect by mathematicians could be used to minimize legislative targeting, or avoid scrutiny.↩︎
  7. See Epoch AI’s benchmarking dashboard for a more detailed discussion.↩︎
  8. See here for a blogpost giving some context to math benchmarks, a little bit of background in “reasoning models” as well as discussion of computational
    efforts involved.↩︎
  9. Some discussion of these requests took place at the Joint Mathematics Meetings (JMM), which was held in Seattle in January. According to some comments here, mathematicians expressed skepticism at delivering problems for money
    exposing a fundamental disjunction between academia and industry: pure mathematicians aspire to study mathematics to advance understanding, but industry researchers are required to deliver creations that buoy their supporting institutions.↩︎
  10. See https://epoch.ai/frontiermath/tier-4 for further discussion of Tier 4 problems.↩︎
  11. It is also worth pointing out that formalizing “inherent difficulty of proof discovery”, say in terms of decision problems, led to significant theoretical challenges to previous generation approaches to artificial intelligence. For a recent revision and extension of this notion of difficulty, see Artifical intelligence and inherent mathematical difficulty by W. Dean and A. Naibo. Once again, it is unclear whether such an approach has any bearing on what mathematicians might view as important for mathematics.↩︎
  12. More broadly, the sense was that forthcoming AI systems would be able to navigate the literature, including obscure corners, and would be quite capable at performing “standard”computations. Mathematicians themselves have created plenty of open source computational packages (SnapPy, Regina), which are already integrated
    into Python and hence automatically part of the toolkit to which a model has access. However, models seemingly lacked what mathematicians call geometric intuition.↩︎
  13. There’s a phenomenon alluded to in the Scientific American article as “proof by intimidation” which exposes a relevant phenomenon. If someone asserts boldly that they have solved a problem in a particular research domain, they have sufficient status and the approach they describe includes keywords/techniques that seem like they
    should have bearing on the problem, mathematicians tend to give them the benefit of the doubt. Indeed, mathematicians will frequently believe the problem has been solved without going through the “solution” in detail. It also routinely happens in mathematical practice that such “solutions” break down under additional scrutiny, e.g., because some subtle part of the argument was not sufficiently well explained. This discussion seems relevant to participants perception of putative “solutions” provided by the models. Moreover, many of the stories of “solutions to problems” travelled between groups, creating a kind of echo effect.↩︎
  14. Recent mathoverflow posts raise the question: Is this a bad moment for a math career in the context of news over AI models. The conversation around AI and jobs also extends to current fears. For example, without being precise yet about what we mean by AI, graduate students, especially at some larger public universities, are being tasked to “use AI” to speed up their workflow, frequently leading to despair.↩︎
  15. Environmental impacts of generative AI include increased electricity demand and water consumption sometimes localized to data center construction. See Michael Harris’s substack for a recent discussion with some links.↩︎
Posted in Uncategorized | Leave a comment

This Week’s Hype

Posted on July 4, 2025 by woit

Absurd press releases from major universities hyping the idea that “string theorists have finally found a way to test string theory” have been a feature of theoretical physics for decades now. This nonsense is never going to stop. Latest example is here, based on this paper.

If the LHC were to find states such as those discussed in this paper, it would take less than 24 hours for there to be several papers on the arXiv giving a “string phenomenology” explanation for them. As a way to discredit science and the scientific method, this kind of press release is pretty effective.

Posted in This Week's Hype | Leave a comment

The Situation at Columbia XXVII

Posted on July 2, 2025 by woit

I’ll be heading out on vacation tomorrow morning, on a road trip first to Montreal, then Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, back at work on the 21st. While away I’ll try to detox from reading or thinking about the topics of this series of postings. Very much looking forward to being away from Columbia and outside this country for a while.

In non-Columbia news, yesterday Penn bent the knee and caved-in to Trump. The interesting question now is whether this gets them back the \$175 million in grants which was illegally withheld from them based on this Title IX accusation. It may be that they’ve just put themselves in the same position as Columbia, humiliating themselves for no reason and inviting further demands. If they do get the money back, that would provide some encouragement for what the Columbia trustees are trying to do (negotiate a new and better cave-in).

The long outage of Columbia servers last week was due to a hacker (also see here), seemingly with a pro-Trump agenda of stealing data to show the guilty nature of “woke” university policies. In particular this hacker gave the data for 2.5 million applications to Columbia over many years to Bloomberg News. Not sure what this would show of significance other than the already heavily litigated fact that Columbia and most other universities have been practicing affirmative action and giving preference to applications from specific disadvantaged groups since the 1960s-70s. One thing that this could resolve might be the big debate over whether Barron Trump was rejected from Columbia, perhaps explaining Trump’s campaign to destroy the university.

The Trump assault on Columbia via the accreditation system continues. See this and a university statement here. It seems unlikely that the US higher ed accreditation system will go ahead and make itself an effective arm of the Fascist dictator’s illegal attempt to gain control of the universities. But, these days, who knows…

One of the Columbia trustees, Shoshana Shendelman has gone on right-wing media (Fox News, Breitbart) to attack a large part of the Columbia community as “destructive”, effectively supporting the Trump attack on the university. That the trustees allow this indicates that many if not most of them agree with her. This unfortunately seems to be a big part of the explanation for the cave-in, the firing of Armstrong, the failure to support arrested students, etc.

Remarkably, Shipman and other trustees last year were well aware that Shendelman was already then attacking the university community from within. Elise Stefanik and some House Republicans are continuing the assault on Columbia as “antisemitic”. They point to the fact that on January 25,2024 Shipman wrote to others about Shendelman “I just don’t think she should be on the board.” In later text message exchanges with the vice-chair of the board, Shendelman was described as “a mole” and “a fox in the henhouse”. Clearly Shipman and other trustees by 2024 realized that Shendelman was collaborating with Republicans in an attempt to damage the university with “antisemitism” accusations. That they did nothing about this then has put us in the current situation of having a partially MAGA board of trustees devoted to caving-in and unwilling to fight Trump and those who want to destroy us.

Update: Getting ready for vacation, with Columbia craziness level very high. We have a trustee who has been collaborating for a long time with the Republicans trying to destroy Columbia for being “antisemitic”, and is now going on Fox News/Breitbart to attack the university she’s a trustee of. In any other such situation, this would be grounds for immediate removal. Presumably she feels she can do this kind of thing with impunity because Trump has his boot on the necks of the trustees. At other institutions like Harvard, Trump’s people are plotting how to force a settlement that would give them some control, e.g. by having someone on the board. At Columbia, they’re all set, already have their person on the board.

Shipman has sent out a letter abasing herself and saying she didn’t really mean it. Stefanik and Ari Schrage are demanding her resignation. The trustees already did something incredibly stupid last time this happened (Armstrong), if they do it again they will make it crystal clear that the Columbia president serves at the pleasure of Trump and his people.

I really need to get away from this, now…

Posted in The Situation at Columbia | Leave a comment

Notes on Epistemic Collapse

Posted on June 27, 2025 by woit

For a long time I’ve been having difficulty making sense for myself of a lot of what is going on in the world around me. Recently I’ve found that a useful way of understanding some otherwise baffling things is as products of what is sometimes called “epistemic collapse”. By “epistemic collapse” I mean the collapse of a shared reality, caused by the loss of reliable sources for distinguishing what is true from what is false.

Someone I’ve found to have a very insightful take on this is Bellingcat’s Eliot Higgins. Some of his best explanations of the problem are at threads on his Bluesky feed, for example here and this recent one, which includes:

The danger isn’t just that people believe lies. It’s that entire communities become locked into belief systems that can’t be challenged, where loyalty replaces evidence, and disagreement feels like betrayal. That doesn’t just distort truth, it breaks trust.

When this happens at scale, it’s not just bad information, it’s a breakdown in how society makes decisions. We lose the ability to deliberate, to find common ground, to hold anyone accountable. That’s what disordered discourse really is, a collapse in collective reasoning.

And when debate collapses, power doesn’t disappear, it just becomes unaccountable. Truth becomes tribal. Institutions become hollow. People are left shouting across a void, each group certain the others are insane or evil…

So the real question isn’t “who decides what’s true.” The question is, do we still have the ability to decide anything together at all? Because once we lose that, democracy isn’t under threat. It’s already gone.

I find thinking in these terms helps to make sense of the bizarre and disturbing new political situation in the US and elsewhere, with a new form of Fascism on the march. Autocrats are coming to power on a wave of lies and the destruction of institutions that can provide the facts needed for a shared reality. Efforts to fight this by just coming up with better policy proposals are doomed, what is needed is some way to bring back reality to our information environment. Absent this, we’re looking at a future dominated by autocrats governing through lies and a system of client oligarchs who work with them. The US is now well on its way there.

I don’t have any idea of how to deal with the epistemic collapse problem, other than a hope that if it becomes more widely recognized, people will somehow start finding answers. Thinking in these terms has made me realize that a lot of what I’ve been doing on this blog has been motivated by wanting to provide a source of reality-based information about topics that I have first-hand knowledge of but where at the same time I see the mainstream information environment as dominated by lies.

The situation in fundamental physics

The motivation for starting this blog was the situation in fundamental physical theory over twenty years ago. At the time, popular discussion of the subject was dominated by untruths about string theory, with for instance endless press articles claiming “physicists have finally found a way to test string theory!”. There’s a lot less of this now, and I hope some of that is due to the influence of this blog and the book that I wrote. Within physics departments, string theory was pursued in a very tribal manner, with the main conflict pitting the string theory tribe against the phenomenology and loop quantum gravity tribes.

Nowadays the situation is somewhat different, with the string theory tribe still dominant in formal theory, but mostly no longer doing string theory. The failed string theory ideology is now in the background, but publicly acknowledging its failure will still get you in big trouble with the tribe. Students are still being trained in the ideology (this fall here at Columbia the physics department is again offering an undergraduate course in string theory), but the mainstream research agenda is now elsewhere.

The problem of epistemic collapse in particle theory now goes way, way back. What kept the subject tightly tethered to reality was experiment, but from the 1980s on the main open questions lost useful experimental input. From then until now, the subject has been dominated by an evolving set of “hot topics”, Lacking any shared agreement about whether they were connecting in any useful way to reality, these were often driven more by tribal considerations than anything else. The tribal structure is now complicated, but well-understood to those working in the subject. One very over-simplified way to understand it is as subtribes governed by an oligarchy dominated by figures at Harvard and the IAS. These days if you want a career in the subject, you need to join a tribe, with your choice the Swampland (Vafa), celestial holography (Strominger), amplitudes (Arkani-Hamed), generalized symmetries (Seiberg) or black holes/information (Maldacena/Witten).

Yes, this is a caricature. Also worth noting is that the whole subject is facing a different sort of collapse, as physics departments and US federal funding agencies stop funding theoretical particle physics at all. The latest hep-th US faculty hiring rumor mill has only 8 people getting tenure track jobs this year, about half from the formal theory subtribes.

The situation at Columbia

I started writing about what is happening here at Columbia very specifically to counter lies being widely spread about the subject, which I often know to be lies based on first-hand information. That there is a serious antisemitism problem at Columbia is a lie, heavily promoted by those upset by criticism of the ongoing genocidal and ethnic cleansing policies of the Israeli government. About the truth of what is happening here and now locally, I’m mainly relying on my own eyes and conversations with others who are also here and have first-hand information. What’s going on is very much tribal warfare with on the ground massive killings of civilians happening in Gaza and here a campaign to deny this and paint anti-genocide protest as antisemitic terrorism.

About what’s happening in Gaza I don’t have first-hand information. There I have to rely on a long lifetime of reading various news sources and getting some idea of their reliability. If you don’t believe genocide and ethnic cleansing is going on in Gaza, you need to explain why this story from today’s Haaretz headlined

‘It’s a Killing Field’: IDF Soldiers Ordered to Shoot Deliberately at Unarmed Gazans Waiting for Humanitarian Aid

is not true. I don’t see how “genocide” is not the right word for starving 2 million people and firing on them when they try and get food. As for “ethnic cleansing”, Israeli policy in Gaza appears to be to destroy all structures there, shooting civilians who get too close to the operation

“Today, any private contractor working in Gaza with engineering equipment receives 5,000 [roughly $1,500] shekels for every house they demolish,” said a veteran fighter. “They’re making a fortune. From their perspective, any moment where they don’t demolish houses is a loss of money, and the forces have to secure their work. The contractors, who act like a kind of sheriff, demolish wherever they want along the entire front.”

As a result, the fighter added, the contractors’ demolition campaign brings them, along with their relatively small security details, close to distribution points or along the routes used by aid trucks.

In order [for the contractors] to protect themselves, a shooting incident breaks out, and people are killed,” he said. “These are areas where Palestinians are allowed to be – we’re the ones who moved closer and decided [they] endangered us. So, for a contractor to make another 5,000 shekels and take down a house, it’s deemed acceptable to kill people who are only looking for food.”

What next?

My problem these days is that I’d really like to be spending my time on something very different, continuing to make slow progress on some ideas I find very promising, and getting the results written up. About the situation in fundamental physical theory, for a while I’ve been writing less and less. It’s a depressing topic, nothing is happening, epistemic collapse has led to intellectual collapse, and I’ve long ago said whatever I have to say about it.

About the situation at Columbia, it is changing and evolving. The bogus “antisemitism” campaign continues in force and I still believe it’s worth the time to try and challenge it with accurate information about what is really happening here, so I’ll keep blogging about it to some extent.

I have very limited time to moderate discussion in the comment section, so in particular no time to deal with those who want to conduct tribal warfare here. While I hope the notes on “epistemic collapse” are helpful to others, unfortunately I also don’t have the time to moderate a general discussion of that topic, outside it’s specific application to the subjects I’m trying to write about on the blog.

Update: Some thoughts caused by reading the latest from Stand Columbia explaining why Columbia must immediately make a deal with Trump.

Another aspect of epistemic collapse is collapse of the legal system, which depends on being able to distinguish truth from falsehood, and whether a law is being followed or not. The legal system can collapse if judges start accepting falsehoods as truth, or if the executive finds it can just ignore what a judge says about what is true and what is false. It can also collapse because people and institutions give up on it, decide it cannot provide any recourse against dictatorial power.

The trustees describe what they are doing as negotiating a “settlement”. I’ve been thinking of my disagreement with the decision of the trustees to not go to court, to not challenge the obvious illegality of what Trump is doing, as a disagreement about values and morality. But it actually is much more practical than that, and I suspect the trustees either have or will find this out.

Harvard has challenged the Trump illegalities in court through lawsuits. Like most lawsuits, they may some day decide to settle them out of court. If so, this will be a conventional “settlement” of differences within the legal system. What Columbia is doing though is very different. It is starting by accepting illegalities as valid governmental actions. They’ve abandoned the legal system, deciding that they’re better off outside of it, that we’re now in a dictatorship where legality is irrelevant. All that matters is the will of the dictator. If Columbia “settles” with Trump, it will be nothing more than a statement that “we give in to the dictator’s will by doing X”. Any thing they think they’re getting in return for this will have no legal basis, it’s just the current will of the dictator, which may change.

We’ll see how this works out, but my impression is that the Trump people understand this very well. They want the Columbia trustees to publicly humiliate themselves and the institution, by bowing down to dictatorial will and publicly supporting a new regime which operates outside the law. They have an agenda of defunding research universities and will pursue that separately. So, in opposition to Stand Columbia, I’d argue that, even if the trustees don’t believe anymore in the court system, they should not “settle”. Signing another “we give in to the dictator’s will” document will get them nothing but more humiliation.

Update: More lies about “antisemitism” from Trump. The idea that Harvard is currently “in violent violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, which prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, and national origin” is an absurdity. The threat to take away all federal funding if Harvard doesn’t do something about this is ridiculous. All federal funding already has been taken away, and since the accusations are lies, there’s nothing Harvard can do to answer them. These lies are a tactic to force Harvard to agree to the dictator’s will in the way Columbia did in the past, but we don’t know what actions the dictator is explicitly trying to force on Harvard or Columbia.

I hope Harvard will continue its policy of fighting this kind of thing in court.

Posted in The Situation at Columbia, Uncategorized | 60 Comments

The Situation at Columbia XXVI

Posted on June 25, 2025 by woit

There are some unusual things going on here today. The central university computer system has been having outages since Monday night. No news on the source of these, but this just came in:

CUIT has been working around the clock to restore services following yesterday’s widespread IT outage. As of this morning, many UNI-authenticated services have been restored, and teaching and learning tools are operational, including Courseworks, Zoom, Lionmail, and Google Drive. Additional systems will continue to come back online throughout the day. We will continue to update you with additional information as it becomes available.

In a comment, Alessandro Strumia points to this Twitter post claiming hackers have broken in the Columbia admissions department computers. Just about everything on that site is nonsense, so no reason to believe this, but we’ll see…

I don’t want to try and moderate a discussion here of NYC politics, but will just point out that for the past few weeks, much of the campaign to stop Zohran Mamdani was based on the same kind of attacks as those leveled at Columbia anti-genocide protesters. Shai Davidai is leading an effort to have the IRS go after the student newspaper because it endorsed Mamdani. This kind of thing doesn’t seem to be working, with Mamdani last night decisively winning the NYC Democratic mayoral primary.

Recently I’ve been getting better insight into the point of view of the Columbia trustees. The depressing conclusion I’m drawing is that the reason they’re not fighting Trump is that many of them don’t want to. What I see as a Fascist dictator acting illegally they see as someone governing very much in the interests of the well-to-do, so no threat to them personally. Much of what he’s doing they have no problem with, so why not just go along with it? The taking of grant funding is a big problem for them, but they don’t see any easy way to get it back through the legal system and don’t want to fight with Trump, so they’re focused purely on reaching some sort of settlement with his people (which in practice may be Stephen Miller).

Fox News today has a remarkable opinion piece by one of the trustees, Shoshana Shendelman. It contains a version of various MAGA talking points about how terrible Columbia and other universities are:

Higher education is at a crossroads. As a scientist and a trustee of Columbia University, I have witnessed firsthand how an institution once hailed as a pillar of intellectual progress can be threatened not only by enemies from without, but also by an ideology from within—one that celebrates chaos over creation, grievance over growth, and destruction over discourse…

However, in the spring of 2024, my home was filled with students (my children and many of their classmates) who no longer felt safe on Columbia’s campus. Their fears didn’t stem from intellectual challenge or debate—it stemmed from intimidation. Protesters, many masked, others emboldened by institutional tolerance, took control of the physical environment of the university. They shut down classrooms, buildings and libraries…

The real Columbia—my Columbia—is a monument of advancement shaped by generations of human endeavor. Monuments, however, can be vandalized and dismantled. And these ongoing campaigns have not been acts of civil dialogue; they have been acts of desecration. Of blaming rather than solving. Of tearing apart instead of sewing together. The world is full of destroyers. Their work is quick, loud, and rarely lasting…

Let’s rebuild institutions like Columbia together to ensure that hatred and chaos do not dominate, and everyone feels included and respected. This is our generation’s moment to lead. Building necessitates bravery, and in turn our courage will spread across America. Let’s build again.

Shendelman was the target of this article at the Intercept describing her role at Columbia and problems at her company, Applied Therapeutics. Much of the opinion piece is a personal complaint about this:

After voicing my concerns regarding antisemitism on campus, I became a target of certain media voices determined to erase decades of my work, service, and scholarship with a few calculated, malevolent strokes of a pen.

Up until now, the Columbia trustees have acted in private, keeping discussions of what they are doing confidential. It’s disturbing that one of them is now going on Fox News, presumably with the approval of the rest (I’m finding it hard to believe she would do this without checking with the board) and putting out a picture of the university as threatened from within by antisemitism and an evil ideology, thus needing a house-cleaning and a campaign to make Columbia great again. Yes, there has been an ongoing campaign to destroy a great institution, but going on Fox News with accusations like hers is to join that right-wing campaign. The trustees should make clear that this is not their agenda.

Update: Realizing I didn’t understand what Shendelman sees as the main problem with Columbia now, I reread her piece carefully. Here’s what she says is the main problem facing the university now:

Do we permit this new form of campus intimidation to silence those with opposing views and destroy educational opportunities for an entire generation?

This is very weird. The Trump administration has taken a wrecking ball to the scientific research enterprise at Columbia, thus destroying educational opportunities in science for years to come. It also has launched a campaign to intimidate anti-genocide protesters, with threats of jail, deportation, suspension, etc. So, as an argument that Columbia needs to fight the Trump administration this makes perfect sense. But from context, the “campus intimidation” she is worried about is not from Trump, but from anti-genocide protesters and their supposed antisemitism, which makes her an ally of the Trump campaign against Columbia. I end up completely mystified by who is supposedly silencing who and who is destroying educational opportunities not just for today’s students, but for “an entire generation”. It sounds like it’s the protesters, but the only educational opportunity they’ve destroyed this semester is a few hours of study time in a library.

Since Shendelman says she is writing as a trustee of Columbia university, the trustees really should clarify who it is who is “silenc[ing] those with opposing views and destroy[ing] educational opportunities for an entire generation?” and what they intend to do about it.

Update: What the Columbia trustees should be reading.

Posted in Uncategorized | 8 Comments