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Masterpieces of Western Music

Humanities W1123 · Prof. Michael Thaddeus

The Franco-Flemish School: Dufay, Ockeghem, Josquin


Guillaume Dufay (~1397-1474)
Dufay (at left) with his colleague Gilles Binchois


Vasilissa, ergo gaude/Concupivit rex (2'47)
performed by the Dufay Consort

VOICE I:
Vasilissa, ergo gaude, Rejoice, O empress,
quia es digna omni laude, you who are worthy of all praise,
Cleophe, clara gestis Cleophe, renowned for the deeds
a tuis de Malatestis, of your family, the Malatestas,
in Italia principibus Italian princes
magnis et nobilibus! both great and noble!
 
Ex tuo viro clarior, Even more renowned thanks to your husband,
quia cunctis est nobilior: who is the noblest of all:
Romaeorum est despotus, the lord of the Greeks
quem colit mundus totus; whom the whole world reveres;
in porphyro est genitus, born in the royal purple,
a deo missus coelitus. sent from heavenly God.
 
Juvenili aetate pollens Blooming in your youthful summer
et formositate valens, and flourishing in beauty,
multum genio fecunda abounding in talents
et utraque lingua facunda, and eloquent in both tongues,
ac clarior es virtutibus you are more renowned for your virtues
prae aliis his omnibus. than any other.
 
VOICE II:
Concupivit rex decorem tuum. The king has desired your beauty.
Quoniam ipse est dominus tuus. For he is your lord.


St. Mark's, Venice (click to enlarge)


Apostolo glorioso/Cum tua doctrina/Andreas Christi famulus (3'31)
performed by the Dufay Consort

VOICE I:
Apostolo glorioso, da dio electo O Glorious apostle, chosen by God
A evangelegiare al populo greco to preach to the Greek people
La sua incarnacion che v'era ceco, His incarnation to which they were blind,
Et cusi festi senza alcun suspecto, and who did it without any suspicion,
Et eligisti Patrasso per tuo lecto, and who chose Patras for your resting place,
Et per sepulcro questo santo specco: and for your grave this holy grotto:
Prego te, preghi me retrove teco, I pray you, pray that I may be with you,
Per li tuoi merci, nel devin conspecto. by your mercy, in the sight of God.
 
VOICE II:
Cum tua doctrina convertisti a Cristo With your teaching you converted to Christ
Tuto el paese, cum la passione et morte the whole country, and with your passion and death
Che qui portasti in croce in su lo olivo; which you suffered on the cross on the Mount of Olives;
Mo è prolasso in errore et facto tristo, now it has relapsed into error and become sinful,
Si che rempetraglie gracia et si forte therefore obtain for it grace so strong
Che recognoscano dio vero et vivo. that they recognize the true and living God.


Anima mea liquefacta est (3'09)
performed by the Hilliard Ensemble

Anima mea liquefacta est My soul melted
ut dilectus locutus est. to hear my beloved speak.
Quesivi et non inveni illum; I sought and did not find him;
vocavi et non respondivit mihi. I called and he did not answer.
Invenerunt me custodes civitatis, The city guards found me,
percusserunt me et vulneraverunt me, they hit me and they hurt me,
tulerunt pallium meum, they took away my cloak,
custodes murorum. the guards at the city wall.
Filiae Ierusalem, Daughters of Jerusalem,
nuntiate dilecto tell my beloved
quia amore langueo. that I am sick with love.
(Song of Solomon 5:6-8)


J'atendray tant qu'il vous playra (2'28)
performed by Gothic Voices

J'atendray tant qu'il vous playra I will wait as long as you wish
A vous declarer ma pensee, to tell you my thoughts,
Ma tres chiere dame honouree; my very dear honorable lady;
Je ne say s'il m'en desplayra. I know not if it will displease you.
 
Mais toutes fois, pour complaire a But in any case, to please
Vostre personne desiree, your estimable person,
J'atendray tant qu'il vous playra I will wait as long as you wish
A vous declarer ma pensee. to tell you my thoughts.
 
Car j'ay espour, quant avendra For I hope that when it occurs
Qu'a ce vous serés acordee, you will be agreeable to it,
Que ma dolour sera cesee, so that my pain will cease,
Je le vous ay dit long temps a. as I told you long ago.
 
J'atendray tant qu'il vous playra I will wait as long as you wish
A vous declarer ma pensee, to tell you my thoughts,
Ma tres chiere dame honouree, my very dear honorable lady;
Je ne say s'il m'en desplayra. I know not if it will displease you.


Adieu ces bon vins de Lannoys (4'01)
performed by Gothic Voices

Adieu ces bon vins de Lannoys, Farewell, good wine of Lannoy,
adieu dames, adieu borgois, farewell ladies, farewell gentlemen,
adieu celle que tant amoye, farewell, one whom I loved so much,
adieu toute playssante joye, farewell all pleasant joy,
adieu tout compaignons galois. farewell all boon companions.
 
Je m'en vois tout arquant des nois I go away cracking nuts
car je ne truis feves ne pois, since I find neither beans nor peas
dont bien souvent au cuer m'ennoye. which often annoy me anyway.
Adieu ces bon vins de Lannoys, Farewell, good wine of Lannoy,
adieu dames, adieu borgois, farewell ladies, farewell gentlemen,
adieu celle que tant amoye. farewell, one whom I loved so much.
 
De moi serés par plusieurs fois By me you will be often
regretés par dedans les bois missed out in the woods
ou il n'y a sentier ne voye; where there is neither track nor way;
puis ne scaray que faire doye, then I will know not what to do,
se je ne crie a haute vois: unless I cry in a loud voice:
 
Adieu ces bon vins de Lannoys, Farewell, good wine of Lannoy,
adieu dames, adieu borgois, farewell ladies, farewell gentlemen,
adieu celle que tant amoye, farewell, one whom I loved so much,
adieu toute playssante joye, farewell all pleasant joy,
adieu tout compaignons galois. farewell all boon companions.


Johannes Ockeghem (~1420-1497)

L'homme armé, anonymous chanson

L'homme armé doibt on doubter. The armed man should be feared.
On a fait partout crier Everywhere it has been proclaimed
Que chascun se viegne armer That each man shall arm himself
D'un haubregon de fer. With a coat of iron mail.
L'homme armé doibt on doubter. The armed man should be feared.


Kyrie from Missa L'Homme Armé
performed by The Clerks' Group

TENOR:
L'homme armé, text above.
 
OTHER VOICES:
Kyrie eleison. Lord, have mercy.
Christe eleison. Christ, have mercy.
Kyrie eleison. Lord, have mercy.


Josquin des Prez (~1450-1521)
A woodcut of JosquinVoice parts were written separately, but otherwise notation looks modern


Ave Maria (4'38)
performed by La Chapelle Royale

Ave Maria, Hail Mary,
gratia plena, Full of grace,
Dominus tecum, The Lord be with you,
virgo serena. Serene virgin.
 
Ave cuius conceptio, Hail to you whose conception,
Solemni plena gaudio, With solemn rejoicing,
Caelestia, terrestria, Fills heaven and earth
Nova replet laetitia. With new happiness.
 
Ave cuius nativitas Hail to you whose birth
Nostra fuit solemnitas, Was our solemnity,
Ut Lucifer lux oriens, As the rising morning star
Verum solem praeveniens. Anticipates the true sun.
 
Ave pia humilitas, Hail pious humility,
Sine viro foecunditas, Fruitful without a man,
Cuius annuntiatio, Whose annunciation
Nostra fuit salvatio. Was our salvation.
 
Ave vera virginitas, Hail true virginity,
Immaculata castitas, Immaculate chastity,
Cuius purificatio Whose purification
Nostra fuit purgatio. Was our purgation.
 
Ave praeclara omnibus Hail shining example
Angelicis virtutibus, Of all angelic virtues,
Cuius fuit assumptio Whose assumption
Nostra glorificatio. Was our glorification.
 
O Mater Dei, O Mother of God,
Memento mei. Amen. Remember me. Amen.


Nymphes des bois: Déploration sur la mort de Johannes Ockeghem
performed by The Clerks' Group (4'42)
performed by Ensemble Musica Nova (4'54)

TENOR:
Requiem eternam dona eis domine, Grant them eternal rest, O Lord,
Et lux perpetua luceat eis. And shine unceasing light upon them.
 
OTHER VOICES:
Nymphes des bois, déesses des fontaines, Nymphs of the woods, goddesses of the fountains,
Chantres experts de toutes nations, Skilled singers of every nation,
Changez vos voix fort clères et haultaines Turn your voices, so clear and lofty,
En cris trenchans et lamentations, To piercing cries and lamentation,
Car Atropos, très terrible satrappe, For Atropos*, that terrible tyrant,
Votre Ockeghem atrappe en sa trappe, Has caught your Ockeghem in her trap,
Vrai trésorier de musique et chef d'oeuvre, The true treasurer and master craftsman of music,
Doct, élégant de corps, et non point trappe. Learned, handsome in appearance, and not at all stout.
Grand dommage est que la terre le couvre. It is a great pity that the earth covers him.
 
Acoustrez vous d'habits de deuil, Put on the clothes of mourning,
Josquin, Piersson, Brumel, Compère, Josquin, Piersson, Brumel, Compère,
Et plourez grosses larmes d'oeul, And weep great tears from your eyes,
Perdu avez vostre bon père. For you have lost your good father.
 
Requiescant in pace. Amen. Rest in peace. Amen.

*Atropos: the Fate who cuts the thread of life


Allegez moy
performed by Ensemble Musica Nova (1'17)
performed by Ensemble Clément Janequin (1'05)

Allegez moy doulce plaisant brunette Comfort me, sweet charming brunette,
Dessoubz la boudinette Just below my navel,
Allegez moy de toutes mes douleurs Comfort me from all my pains;
Vostre beaulte me tient en amourette Your beauty makes me amorous
Dessoubz la boudinette Just below my navel.


Petite camusette
performed by Ensemble Clément Janequin (1'07)

Petite camusette a la mort mavez miz Shapely little girl, you've done me to death
Robin et Marion sen vont au bois joly Robin and Marion have gone to the lovely woods
Ilz sen vont bras a bras ilz se sont endormis They've gone arm in arm and fallen asleep there
Petite camusette a la mort mavez miz Shapely little girl, you've done me to death


Une mousse de Bisquaye
performed by Raitis Grigalis and Marc Lewon of Ensemble Leones (2'15)

Une mousse de Bisquaye A Basque maiden,
L'autre jour pres ung moullin The other day by a windmill,
Vint à moi sans dire gaire, Passed me with hardly a word,
Moy hurtant sur mon chemin, When she met me in the road.
Blanche comme un parchemin; She was white as parchment;
Je la baisé à mon aise, I kissed her as I pleased,
Et me dit sans faire noise, And she whispered to me,
"Soaz, soaz ordonarequin." "Soaz, soaz ordonarequin."
 
Le luy dis que de Biscquaye I told her that in the Basque country
J'estoys son prochain voisin: I was her nearest neighbor;
"Mecton nous pres ceste haie "Let us go by this hedge
En l'ombre soubz l'aubepin: In the shade of the hawthorn;
La perlerons a butin; There we may speak intimately;
Faictes tous a ma requeste." Let's do as I suggest."
Lors feist signe de la teste: Then she signaled with her head:
"Soaz, soaz ordonarequin." "Soaz, soaz ordonarequin."
 
"Par mon serment, vecy raige: "On my oath, this is madness;
Ce n'est françois ne latin; This is neither French nor Latin;
Parlez moy aultre langaige, Speak another language to me
Et laissez vostre bisquayn. And put aside the Basque tongue.
Mectons no bisongne a fin, Let's do what we need to do
Parlons d'amours, je vous prie." And speak of love, I beg you."
Lors me dist, n'en doubtez mye: Then she said, never doubt it:
"Soaz, soaz ordonarequin." "Soaz, soaz ordonarequin."
 
Avoir n'en peuz aultre chose, I had no other choice,
Par ma foy, a ce matin, By my faith, that fine morning,
Fors baiser a bouche close Than to kiss her closed mouth
Et la main sur le tetin. With my hand on her breast.
"Adieu, petit musequin, "Farewell, little maiden,
A Dieu soyez, ma popine." God be with you, my doll."
Lors me dit la bisquayne: Then the Basque girl said to me:
"Soaz, soaz ordonarequin." "Soaz, soaz ordonarequin."


El grillo
performed by Ensemble Clément Janequin (1'33)

El grillo è buon cantore The cricket is a good singer
Che tiene longo verso. Who holds a long note.
Dale, beve grillo, canta, The cricket drinks and sings
Ma non fa come gli altri uccelli, But doesn't act like other birds
Come li han canto un poco Who, when they have sung a bit,
Van' de fatto in altro loco; Fly away to another place;
Sempre el grillo sta pur saldo. The cricket always stays put.
Quando la maggior el caldo Even when the weather is hottest
Alhor canto sol per amore. The cricket alone sings for love.