More on Scattering Amplitudes

Last week was the beginning of a program at the Santa Barbara KITP entitled The Harmony of Scattering Amplitudes which will focus on topics including recent advances in computing N=4 super Yang-Mills scattering amplitudes. Talks are available on-line here. There’s a full schedule of talks in the program and related talks here. On Thursday, Nima Arkani-Hamed will give a talk on “The planar integrand of N=4 super-Yang-Mills theory”, which some wag has scheduled as lasting from 1:30pm to 5am.

For a survey of some of these recent developments, a correspondent points me to the thesis of Arkani-Hamed’s student Jacob Bourjaily, which has just appeared online here.

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Suspicious Bump

Last night a new preprint from CDF appeared at the arXiv, discussing a signal observed in their data, at about 3 sigma significance, that could in principle correspond to a new particle not seen or predicted before. This morning’s New York Times has an article about this here. The Times does a pretty good job of getting quotes from relevant experts and explaining the situation, which is basically “if it’s real that’s very exciting, but it probably isn’t”.

I went to check Tommaso Dorigo’s blog only to find that he had a short posting up explaining that a more detailed one was embargoed until the public talk this afternoon at Fermilab (live stream at 1600 CDT here). This seemed rather odd since the Times had clearly been given the story a few days ago, embargoed only until last midnight. He now has a full posting up, and you should go there for a detailed and authoritative look at what this all means (most likely not much, modeling the huge background you have to subtract is hard).

Update: For other blog postings about this well worth reading, try Michael Schmitt, Resonaances, Gordon Watts and Flip Tanedo.

Update: Took about 21 minutes from the time of release of this data to submission of a paper explaining it.

Posted in Experimental HEP News | 20 Comments

2011 Templeton Prize

This years $1.6 million dollar Templeton Prize has been awarded to astronomer and cosmologist Sir Martin Rees. The Templeton Foundation has traditionally been largely devoted to promoting the intersection of science and religion, so one surprising aspect of this choice is that, while Rees is a very accomplished scientist, he doesn’t believe in God (although he likes the music and architecture in churches):

In fact, Rees has no religious beliefs, but considers himself a product of Christian culture and ethics, explaining, “I grew up in the traditions of the Anglican Church and those are ‘the customs of my tribe.’ I’m privileged to be embedded in its wonderful aesthetic and musical traditions and I want to do all I can to preserve and strengthen them.”

Rees does seem to believe in something that the Templeton people are willing to take as a replacement for belief in God: belief in the Multiverse. He has been one of the leading figures promoting the Multiverse and anthropic explanations, even before the recent string theory landscape pseudo-science made this so popular. For more about his views, see a 2003 interview In the Matrix, which leads off with:

All these multiverse ideas lead to a remarkable synthesis between cosmology and physics…But they also lead to the extraordinary consequence that we may not be the deepest reality, we may be a simulation. The possibility that we are creations of some supreme, or super-being, blurs the boundary between physics and idealist philosophy, between the natural and the supernatural, and between the relation of mind and multiverse and the possibility that we’re in the matrix rather than the physics itself.

Something for future Templeton candidates to keep in mind: no need now to believe in a Christian God, belief in “The Matrix” is good enough.

Posted in Multiverse Mania | 23 Comments

The Bogdanov Equation

Another book that I picked up in Paris is Lubos Motl’s L’Équation Bogdanov: Le secret de l’origine de l’Univers?. It’s a rather weird document, a mish-mash of defense of the Bogdanovs (partly by comparing their ideas favorably to loop quantum gravity), generalities about cosmology, and promotional material about string theory. Among the odd features of a book entitled “The Bogdanov Equation” is that there is no “Bogdanov Equation” in the book (or anywhere else, as far as I know). In a comment on his blog posting about the book Lubos writes

If there is an equation written by the twins that can be shown to explain the origin of the Universe, you will read about it in the book. If there is none, you won’t find such big statements. But I can’t tell you and others the punch line here. Wink

I don’t think it’s hard to guess which alternative is the right one…

One of the great mysteries of the book is that of its authorship. Supposedly it was written by Lubos in English, then translated into French. I don’t doubt that large parts of it were written by him, although in a style somewhat different from his blog, and then passed through the filter of translation. Some parts of it though, especially some of the details of the endless defense of the Bogdanovs I can’t believe were written by him. For instance, pages 187-189 are taken up with a translation into French of this internet mailing list posting by “Osher Doctorow Ph.D.”, and the author is described as “Professor Osher Doctorow, mathematician at the California State University”, which appears to be misinformation of a Bogdanovian rather than Lubosian sort.

Another commenter on the same blog posting by Lubos gives a long and detailed list of dubious things in the book and states that “To make it short, I have the impression that you are not the sole author of the book.”, asking him to clarify this issue. The response is

Sorry but I have neither time, nor desire, not the full rights to answer ten kilobytes of such questions, some of which are well-informed observations but most of which are not.

The book is created not only as a blog but also to satisfy a contract with the publisher. So I was okaying some proposals from the publisher. It is essentially good if you can identify these places.

Theoretical physics in recent years has produced some very odd things, this book is one of the most bizarre.

Posted in Book Reviews | 18 Comments

Multivers: Mondes Possible de l’Astrophysique, de la Philosophie, et de l’Imaginaire

While I was in Paris recently I picked up several French books that aren’t readily available in the US. One of these is entitled Multivers: Mondes Possible de l’Astrophysique, de la Philosophie, et de l’Imaginaire, and it takes the form of a conversation between theoretical physicists Aurélien Barrau and Jean-Philippe Uzan, as well as historian of science fiction Patrick Gyger and philosopher Max Kistler. Astrophysicist Isabelle Joncour acts as moderator. The conversation is often dominated by the provocative philosophical flights of fancy of physicist Barrau, with philosopher Kistler playing the role of providing sobriety and down-to-earth arguments.

The contrast with the typical Multiverse Mania books of the Anglo-Saxon world is striking. French intellectuals are seriously educated in philosophy, and think it natural to carry on arguments invoking the ideas of a wide range of philosophers, even in contexts such that similar Americans wouldn’t see the point of raising philosophical issues. In this case, some of the discussion revolves around the ideas of American philosophers David Lewis and Nelson Goodman about “possible worlds”. It’s amusing to note that it would probably be extremely difficult to get together for a discussion a group of American physicists who had even heard of these two of their countrymen, much less be capable of seriously discussing their ideas. Maybe that’s just as well though, as professional philosopher Kistler makes a good case that the “possible worlds” at issue in this sort of philosophy don’t really have anything to do with the multiverse.

Barrau takes a position refreshingly agnostic about string theory and LQG, deploring the ideological warfare between them. Unlike most physicists though, who were interested in string theory when it might have predicted something and are now losing interest, he claims that the fact that it can’t predict things is what got him to really like string theory:

la theorie des cordes commence à m’intéresser à partir du moment où, précisément, elle prend ce tournant où l’on ne sait plus très bien où on va et où on change les règles du jeu au milieu de la partie. Ca devient très motivant!

string theory starts to interest me precisely from the moment where it takes this turn; one doesn’t much know where one is going and one changes the rules in the middle of the game. This starts to become appealing!

For Barrau, it’s just when string theory starts to turn into pseudo-science that it interests him. In brief, he agrees that the string theory multiverse moves the field from physics into metaphysics, but thinks that’s a good thing. He’s in love with the idea of finally being free from many of the conventional constraints physicists labor under as they try to do science and the possibility of taking up again the overlap of some French philosophy with science that Alan Sokal very successfully made a joke of. He starts out:

En philosophie francaise, je pense à Deleuze et à son rhizome, au “plus d’un” de Derrida, au(x) toucher(s) chez Nancy, au nominalisme de Foucault, a l’ontologie du multiple de Badiou…

and immediately realizes that the question of Sokal must be addressed if you’re going to go on like that:

Je crains que l’on soit encore dans une sorte de timidité généralisée qui est peut-être issue des contrecoups de la triste affaire Sokal. Il est tout à fait souhaitable d’enjoindre les gens a ne pas dire n’importe quoi. Cela ne se discute pas. Mais il serait dommage que cet excès de précaution leur interdise tout simplement de penser à partir des constructions scientifiques. La physique d’aujourdhui me semble fabuleusement propice à philosopher, il faut oser.

I fear that we’re still in a kind of generalized timidity that may have come about as a consequence of the sad Sokal business. It’s completely desirable to insist that people not say just anything, that’s not up for discussion. But it would be a shame if too much caution keeps them from thinking starting with scientific constructions. Contemporary physics seems to me fabulously propitious for philosophizing. One must be daring.

There’s much abuse directed towards Popper, falsifiability, and of crude attempts to separate science from non-science. Barrau is very happy with the idea of not having any way of distinguishing the two, while Kistler tries to remind him that, tricky as it may be, there’s an important distinction involved. What seems important to me here is maybe more of a sociological than philosophical point, and it’s a bit like the one that motivated Sokal. If you don’t have any standard at all for what is science and what isn’t, you lose control of the powerful role of science in how we see the world, and put yourself at the mercy of socially stronger forces who will be happy to take on this role and grab control and power away from those who have disarmed themselves. In the specific local area of fundamental physics, if there’s no way to recognize that ideas have failed, those with a vested interest in a set of failed ideas will never give up their control of the discourse. Instead of the philosophers listed by Barrau, someone like Michel Foucault might be more relevant…

Posted in Book Reviews, Multiverse Mania | 10 Comments

Back to the Usual

Since April 1 is over, choice of blog topics will revert to the usual, and at some point I’ll get around to reverting the logo. There are plenty of other blogs covering desserts, biking, and what’s wrong with Obama, so I think I better stick to my market niche.

In Langlands/String Theory/Media news, the last episode of The Big Bang Theory (The Zarnecki Incursion) starts off with a scene where the white-board in the background has a central object in Langlands theory. It’s the representation of the upper-half-plane modulo SL(2,Z) as an adelic double coset, with a picture of a tree for the prime p=2. Next week, my colleague Brian Greene will make a guest appearance. For more Big Bang coverage, see Lubos, who really does seem to think that he’s Sheldon.

Later today I’ll post the usual tedious new review of a book about the multiverse. But, first I need to get breakfast at Silver Moon, and the weather is great for a bike ride…

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Dessert

Another important topic that this blog will cover is that of baked goods. While every street-corner in Paris has a wonderful bakery, they’re hard to find in the US. Luckily for me, there’s Silver Moon at 105rd St. and Broadway, which could be the best bakery in the city, and often is the place where I start my day. Another related fine source of sugary goodness is the Wafels and Dinges food truck that spends Monday near Columbia, providing a wide array of waffle possibilities.

Until recently, a sad fact about life in New York City was that you couldn’t get a religieuse. This situation has now been rectified, with La Bergamote at 20th St. and 9th Avenue an excellent source. On my last trip to Paris I was introduced to a French pastry treat I’d never had before, a Breton specialty called a Kouign Amann, which is available quite a few places there. Unfortunately, as far as I can tell, such a thing is not for sale in New York. I hope that this shocking situation will be rectified soon, and will report on any progress.

Posted in Uncategorized | 22 Comments

Biking in New York

I’ve been biking in and around New York City for many years, recently doing several thousand miles a year, and this should provide many topics for the blog. Look forward to, for example, an explanation of how to best get across the Passaic River to Newark on bike. Biking in Manhattan has always been a challenge, but things have gotten exciting recently. A few years ago the city started painting lines on some of the streets, announcing that these were “bike lanes”. They’re generally filled with double-parked cars or trucks, and pedestrians hailing cabs or waiting for a break to run between the traffic. The width is carefully chosen to coincide with the width of a car door, so if you ride inside the lane you’re guaranteed to properly get “doored” by people leaving their parked cars. The act of painting the line has the added feature of making it illegal for bicyclists to ride outside of it, at a safe distance from the cars.

The latest news is that a few special, protected lanes have been created, with cars parked outside the lane. These lanes go for a few blocks, and are heavily favored by delivery people to store what they’re working with, tourists taking pictures of each other, parents changing their baby’s diapers, or basically any activity that pedestrians would complain about if it was done on the sidewalk. The new lanes have enraged some powerful New Yorkers, who are now on a “bikelash” campaign to get them removed. They’ve managed to enlist the police, who have a long history in Manhattan of fighting with bicyclists, and have started up a serious campaign of legal harassment.

I used to ride regularly in Central Park, which has a 6 mile long road winding through it, most of the time closed to traffic. A couple months ago the police started issuing $270 tickets to bicyclists for not stopping at any of the 50 or so traffic lights (it seems that when traffic is not allowed, bicyclists must obey the traffic lights anyway, runners or pedestrians no). This caused almost all bicyclists to stop riding in the park, but a few kept on anyway. The police then decided that the speed limit should be 15 mph for bicyclists, and set up a speed trap at the bottom of a hill early one morning, ticketing quite a few people. Later they changed their mind about this, and decided the law really was 25 mph. Teams of armed police were dispatched to appear at homes of the 15-25 mph ticketees in the evening and tell them a mistake was made, while continuing to make clear that if they didn’t stop at traffic lights when there was no traffic, they would still be ticketed. And if they were going faster than 25 mph at the bottom of a hill, there would be trouble. I’m sure they found this very reassuring. Personally, I’ve stopped riding in the park. It turns out though that there’s a platoon of undercover police throughout the city in unmarked cars waiting to start up sirens and go after any bicyclist who violates any rule in the hundreds of pages of regulations governing not just bicycles, but motor vehicles (their slogan: a bike is the same as a car!). Recently I ran afoul of one of these due to rolling very safely and slowly through an intersection, which got me not one, but two \$270 tickets. I’ll appear in court on these charges some day soon, and I’m sure my readers will want to hear all the details of how this works out.

Update: A commenter correctly points out that I got the Passaic and Hackensack Rivers confused, it’s the Hackensack that is difficult to cross by bike down around Newark.

Posted in Uncategorized | 15 Comments

New York, New York

Another topic I hope to write about extensively is that of New York City, including discussing the wide range of cultural events going on, as well as the amazing restaurants. On the subject of food, I should give a plug for my friend Nathan Myhrvold’s new book Modernist Cuisine. It’s been getting rave reviews, and the first printing has sold out. I’ve been promised a copy from the second printing, and Nathan tells me that, “while it’s not a coffee-table book, you could use it as a coffee table…” I’ll report once the book arrives.

I’ve been in and out of New York City since the earliest times I can remember, which were in a suburb 25 miles north. My mother was born here and my father came here by himself as a 17-year old after the war. The place has changed quite a bit over the years, and some of the changes of the past few years are quite remarkable. These days, most of Manhattan is filled with new or renovated architecture, everything fixed up to a high level of gloss, and virtually crime-free. With one bedroom apartments going for a million dollars in many neighborhoods, if you trip on your shoelace you’re likely to take down a couple millionaires. These people are not going to mug you, and any outsiders who might think of this are deterred by the intense police presence, especially since 9/11. The only exception is bicycle theft, which is rampant, and doesn’t much interest the police. Last summer I came out of a store on Broadway mid Sunday afternoon to find a group of guys with bolt cutters freeing my bicycle from its chains. No one seemed to find their activities unusual or worth doing anything about.

Back in the 1980s there was a lot of talk of “gentrification”, as poor people were displaced by well-educated young middle-class people. These days a new word is needed to describe what is going on, perhaps “plutocracification”. Someone who lives in Tribeca described to me how 20 years ago the neighborhood changed as lawyers and doctors moved in, and artists moved out. Nowadays, the lawyers and doctors are getting pushed out as the hedge-funders and investment bankers arrive. It’s hard to overstate the effect of the financial industry in Manhattan, where supposedly it provides half the personal income, with much of the rest of the economy based on catering to this new wealth. Bank branches are everywhere, often taking up four corners of an intersection, with long swathes of expensive commercial street frontage devoted to cubicles for not very well-paid bank employees, most of which are normally empty.

In late 2008, there was a blip there for a moment, and I even saw one bank branch get closed. That didn’t last long though: apartments are selling again at high prices, new bank branches are opening, and you can’t get a reservation at a long list of popular expensive restaurants. Midtown streets are impassible, filled with fleets of massive black SUVs, their bullet-proof windows tinted dark. Used to be that the rich favored limos, but no longer. No one knows how long this will last, but the city is partying like it’s 2011. Huge cuts to the budgets for schools and the city university system have just been announced, but most Manhattanites are unconcerned, since they would never have their children educated in public institutions.

One side effect of having a lot of rich people from many different countries is that the restaurants in Manhattan tend to be spectacularly good. Some are trendy and rather expensive, but for not a ridiculous amount of money you can get a fantastic meal, and you have to go out of your way to find a bad one. I’ll be writing extensively about some of my culinary obsessions, one of which is barbecue. At this point I might argue that New York has better barbecue than just about anywhere else in the world. Just down the street from here (108th and Broadway), Rack and Soul has some of the best ribs I’ve ever eaten. On 26th St., Hill Country has taken the best sausage and brisket available in Texas (Kreutz’s in Lockhart), stolen it and brought it here to the city. Over in Williamsburg, you can get great barbecue with the best pork and beans I’ve ever seen at Fette Sau. The list goes on and on….

Recently opened near here just off 125th St. is Marcus Samuelson’s Red Rooster Harlem, where I recently had a wonderful lunch. Getting a dinner reservation is not easy, and some days the restaurant is packed with the power elite. Last week Obama took over the place for a $31,000/head dinner with his friends from the hedge funds. Here’s the menu. This is a typical story of the new New York. In what used to be pretty much a slum, now there’s a beautiful restaurant with some of the world’s best food. The wealthy may sometimes monopolize it, but if you’re a New Yorker and play your cards right, you too can participate in the fun and get a fantastic meal in a gorgeous place, at a not unreasonable price.

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Obama Worse Than Bush

I voted for Obama in the Democratic primary, because I figured Hillary Clinton was more likely to expand the war in Afghanistan and otherwise engage in the sort of misguided military adventure favored by the shrub. Look what happened. He appointed Clinton Secretary of State, and then sent even more troops into Afghanistan than Bush Jr. would have dared consider. Don’t even get me started about his Mideast policy and spineless cave-in on Israeli settlements. Remember Guantanamo? He’s commander-in-chief, could shut this illegal abomination down whenever he wants to, instead he intends to keep it open indefinitely. Again, W would have closed the place by now and moved on. The fact that Obama was given a Nobel Peace Prize is some sort of sick joke.

On the domestic front, let’s face it: Obama has been a disaster for the country, moving it farther to the right than it has been at any time since perhaps a period of a few years sometime back in the 19th century. He has pursued policies more or less in line with those of Bush, confusing and neutering moderates and progressives (who don’t dare criticize him). Based on his inspiring speeches, they thought they had elected a community organizer, but are slowly realizing that they’ve been had, with the White House now in the hands of a Bush clone interested not in fighting powerful interests but in playing golf with them. By doing this, he has pushed the Republican opposition so far to the right that they’ve descended into lunacy, and ensured that he’ll should have no trouble winning re-election in 2012. The only threat to him is that of the rise of a populist/fascist movement, motivated by blind hatred and the (accurate) feeling that they are being driven into poverty by a ruthless Ivy-league-educated establishment with a lock on the political and financial system of the country. At the Harvard Club in midtown there’s a huge new portrait of him set in a prominent place as you enter the building. The establishment lawyers and financial types who congregate there know that he’s their man.

The military budget is now significantly higher than during the Bush years, and taxes on the wealthy even lower (taxes on large estates are lower than under Bush). While Bush expanded Medicare significantly to cover prescription drugs, Obama’s health plan was written in partnership with those responsible for the problem (high costs): doctors, insurance and pharmaceutical companies. The great innovation seems to be to expand access to medical care by forcing people who can’t afford it to buy insurance from rapacious insurance companies. Obama’s choice for Fed Chairman: same guy as the one Bush had running his Council of Economic Advisers, before moving on to the Fed and presiding over the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression. If there’s any difference between Obama’s treasury secretary (Geithner) and Bush’s (Paulson), I’m unable to see it and haven’t met anyone who can. Geithner is now in charge of gutting the few minor reforms that were passed in the aftermath of the crisis, while institutionalizing a system of government backing for too-big-to-fail financial firms of sizes expanded since the Bush years. The organized looting of these firms by their employees that brought on the mess of 2008 is now back in full-swing.

Next year’s presidential campaign is predicted to cost a billion dollars, which Obama has already started raising from the financial industry and other interest groups. He faces no progressive or moderate opposition at all, with the only question to be resolved that of exactly how extreme his Republican opponent will be. I’ll be covering all this here on the blog, but on days when I don’t get around to giving you my thoughts on what is happening, two other places you might want to consult are FireDogLake and Naked Capitalism

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